虛擬語氣是整個英語教學(xué)的重點和難點，也是我們必須掌握的一個語法。今天給大家整理了虛擬語氣的常見考點，一起來看看吧~

　　一、用于條件句

　　(一)用于if引導(dǎo)的非真實條件句

　　Eg:

　　①If I were a boy，I would join the army.

　　②If my brother had taken my advice，he would have succeeded in the competition.

　?、跧f it were to rain tomorrow ，the football match would be put off.

　　注意：主句中的should通常用于第一人稱，would/could可以用于各種人稱。

　　Eg:

　?、賅ere I to do the work，I should do it some other day.

　　②If I had his telephone number, I would call him now.

　?、跧f he had worked hard, he would have been in New York now.

　　(二)

　　用于含蓄條件句

　　在表示假設(shè)的虛擬語氣中，有時假設(shè)的條件并不以條件從句的形式出現(xiàn)，而是通過上下文或句中內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，或用其他形式表達(dá)出來，這就是“含蓄條件句”。常用的有以下幾種方式：

　　1.

　　介詞或介詞短語

　　如but for，without，in case of, under，with，in等。

　　Eg:

　　①But for their help，we could not get over the difficulties.

　　②Without music，the world would be a dull place.

　　2.

　　連詞

　　如or，otherwise，but，in case，lest，for fear that，so that等。

　　Eg:

　?、賅e took a taxi to the airport.Otherwise we should have been late.

　?、贖e felt very tired yesterday，or he would have attended the party.

　　注意：由lest，for fear that和in case引起的從句中謂語動詞多用“should 動詞原形”，但也可以不用虛擬語氣，而用動詞的陳述語氣形式。

　　3.

　　分詞短語

　　United (= If they had been united), they wouldn’t have been defeated.

　　4.

　　動詞不定式短語

　　To hear him speak English, one would think him an Englishman.

　　5.

　　名詞短語和“名詞+ and”結(jié)構(gòu)

　　A diligent student would have worked harder.One step further and you would be dead.

　　6.

　　定語從句

　　Anyone who had been in your position would have done the same.

　　7.

　　形容詞及其比較級

　　A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes.

　　8.

　　獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或由 with 引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

　　All things considered, the price would be reasonable.

　　(三)

　　用于混合條件句

　　條件從句表示的動作與主句表示的動作在時間上不一致的叫混合條件句 (錯綜時間條件句)。其主句和從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)根據(jù)各自所指的時間選用適當(dāng)?shù)男问?，一般從句指過去，主句指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?或從句不指某一特定時間，主句指過去;或從句用虛擬語氣，主句用陳述語氣或祈使語氣。

　　Eg:

　?、買f you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

　?、贗f the weather had been more favourable, the crops would be growing better.

　　(四)虛擬條件句的倒裝

　　在虛擬條件句中，如果從句部分含有 were, should 或 had，可將 if 省略，were, should 或 had置于從句句首，使用倒裝。

　　Eg:

　?、賅ere they here now, they could help us.

　　②Should it rain, the crops would be saved.

　?、跦ad you come earlier, you would have got the ticket.

　　二、用于賓語從句

　　(一)用于 wish 后面的賓語從句

　　wish 后面的賓語從句可以表示與事實相反的情況，也可以表示將來不太可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。

　　其賓語從句的動詞形式為：

　　Eg:

　?、買 wish it were spring all the year round.

　　②We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

　?、跧 wish it would rain tomorrow.

　　(二)在 insist, order, command, advise, suggest, propose,demand, require, request，ask 等表示堅持” 、 “命令” 、“建議” 、“要求”等動詞后的賓語從句用虛擬語氣“(should) +動詞原形”。

　　Eg:

　　He insisted that I (should) go with them.

　　He ordered that it(should) be sent back.

　　注意：如果insist作“堅決主張;堅持要求”講，接that從句(從句的動作為將要發(fā)生之事)時，從句常用虛擬語氣，即“(should) 動詞原形”，而表示“堅持說;堅決認(rèn)為”，接that從句(從句的動作多為已發(fā)生之事)時，從句使用陳述語氣。suggest作“建議”講時其賓語從句中要用虛擬語氣，即“(should) 動詞原形”，而作“暗示”、“表明”講時則要用陳述語氣。

　　Eg:

　?、貶e insisted that we(should) accept these gifts.

　　②He insisted that I had read his letter.

　?、跾he suggested that the class meeting(should) not be held on Saturday.

　　④What he said suggested that he was a cheat.

　　(三)用于would rather后面的賓語從句。從句謂語一般用過去時來表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)怼Ｔ谡劦竭^去的動作時，從句謂語則用過去完成時。

　　Eg:

　　①I'd rather you met her at the airport tomorrow morning.

　?、贗'd rather you hadn’t told him the news that day.

　　在專升本的英語考試中，虛擬語氣雖然考查的題量不多，但從往年考察的情況來看，三種與事實相反的條件句和主句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，以及用其他形式代替條件句和虛擬條件句的倒裝是考查的重點。平時復(fù)習(xí)的時候，大家要注意區(qū)分噢~

　　備考湖南專升本的同學(xué)，如果有專升本相關(guān)疑惑或者需要學(xué)習(xí)上的幫助，可以在文末留下你的聯(lián)系方式，或者直接添加樂貞老師微信lezhen_edu，我們將為您答疑解惑~

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